Starting Buckwheat for Green Manure / Cover Crop / Bee Forage. 7.21.15

Bed prep for buckwheat.  7.21.15

Today I took a little time to prep the former borage bed for Buckwheat.  I planted the borage late winter.  In this location, the borage plants grew to 5 foot tall, some 6 foot.  Might have been influenced buy the organic nitrogen, and might have been due to whatever was already in the soil.  The soil has been used, either as a dumping location for fireplace or grill ashes, or was a burn location.  Lots of biochar and ashes.  That may not be a good thing, for many reasons.  But the borage grew like gangbusters.

 The borage has dried out and was done blooming.  I wanted to collect seeds, but not up to it.  It pulled out  very easy, leaving an almost weed-free bed.  Quite a bit of water was needed to soften the soil, then worked it shallowly, smoothed with garden rake, spread buckwheat seeds, smoothed a little more, and watered.

Original book source: Prof. Dr. Otto Wilhelm Thomé Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885, Gera, Germany.  Image via commons.wikipedia.org

From what I read, buckwheat is an excellent plant for conditioning the soil (green manure, cover crop).  It crowds out most weeds - which apparently borage also does - and is killed by the first frost.  Buckwheat grows in hot summer, and has a fast life cycle.  I don't know yet, but am hoping it will bloom in the fall.  Buckwheat is also considered excellent bee forage.  A comment on solarbeez blog states buckwheat started flowering 3 weeks after planting.  Mother Earth News states some bloom starts as little as one week from planting.  From Mother Earth News:  "Buckwheat is one of the best sources of high quality protein in the plant kingdom. It's easy to grow, harvest, and process; it prospers on soils too poor for other crops; and it's not susceptible to any major disease or pest problems. On top of all that, buckwheat is an excellent smother crop for weed control, a superb green manure crop, and a legendary nectar source for honeybees.".  From this extension website, Buckwheat is not tolerant of hot, dry conditions.  I'm thinking it will need the same watering as I am currently doing for squash and corn, until fall arrives.  Never having grown buckwheat, some experimentation is likely needed.  Also from the extension site:  "Buckwheat can be raised for grain if planted by mid-July in northern states or by early August in the South.  If we want to try, according to Mother Earth News, a gardener can get a usable amount of buckwheat for food in 40 square feet - a little more than my raised beds.  I guess, for us or for the chickens.

The seed package was very large - 5 pounds.  Plan: pull the weeds out of the 3 raised beds I lost to weeds, and plant buckwheat.  The area planted here is about the same as 1 1/2 raised bed.  Ditto for the garlic bed, once the garlic is harvested.  Ambition and energy, those are the limitations.

Saving Seeds and Making Hybrids. 7.18.15

Many flowers are setting seeds now.  For ornamentals, there is a choice between, letting them do their own thing, or deadheading to stimulate bloom and allow photosynthetic energy to go to root and stem storage, or let the seeds ripen and save the seeds.

For some plants, it takes intentional pollination.

My plan is to save the following seeds.

Ornamental Alliums - already discussed.  Cutting off dried seed-heads and shaking/rubbing the seeds into a bowl, then save in envelope.

Chives - same as Ornamental Alliums.

Dried El Dorado Peach Seeds.  7.21.15

Peaches - saving seeds from genetic dwarf tree to play with and experiment.  Those are dry in an envelope.  I need to crack them open and stratify some, plant others for nature to do its own stratification.

Peaches - from locally grown RedHaven, also dry in a bowl.  I want to grow one for a peach tree, maybe.  The others are for rootstock.

Apricots - see if I can sprout a couple to use as scion on a plum tree.

 Peacotum - ditto as for apricots.

Marigolds - save yellow and rust red varieties.  They are open pollinated so doubtless have mixed.  I'm not crazy about the more common orange ones, so I won't save those.   If orange dominates yellow or brick red, I could wind up with mostly orange again.

Tigridia Early Seed Pod.  7.21.15

Seed Pods Among Flower Buds on Daylily "Fooled Me"  7.21.15

Tigridia - I've been pollinating each, either self or with other color blooming at the same time.  no rhyme or reason.  I like the yellow/red mix the best.  I should cut off the seed pods for the others, why grow the ones I'm not crazy about.

Chicago Apache Early Seed Pod.  7.21.15

Dayilies.  Cross pollinating Chicago Apache (triploid) with Fooled Me (triploid).  Each gets the pollen from the other.  I am not emasculating them, so there could well be some self pollinating going on.

Also pollinated mystery variety "Vigoro" which has a triploid look, with pollen from Chicago Apache and Fooled me.

Also some others among the diploids.  Pardon Me with Stella De Oro, and with Luxury Lace.  Luxury Lace with Pardon Me.  Selfed the pale yellows.    I don't know if the one sold as Daring Deception is a mutant of that variety, or if in tissue culture it lost its polyploidy and became diploid, or was mislabeled, or is a seedling of Daring Deception that was mistaken as the real thing.  Still, it's the only lavender daylily in the bunch, so I used pollen from both diploids and triploids to see what sets.

No real strategy.  Only one currently with a contrasting eye color, which would be nice to pass on to progeny.

That's a lot of seeds.  It's all experimentation, doesn't matter if they don't grow, or if there is nothing worth while.  I bet some will grow, and there will be something worthwhile.

Freezer Jam. 7.17.15

Cut up enough plums for 2 cups.

Mix in 1 teaspoon of fruit preservative, vitamin C.

 I made my first batch of plum freezer jam.  Easier than expected and delicious.

I did the same thing with King figs, except chopped them by hand into about 1/2 inch pieces.  That was my first try, and I used 1 cup  of sugar, which was too sweet.

Dissolve 1 1/2 teaspoon low-sugar pectin in 1 cup water.

Heat to boil while stirring.  Boil one minute while stirring.

Mix the fruit with the pectin solution.  Mix in 1/2 cup sugar.

I like to pulse a couple of times in food processor but leave lots of chunks.

Ladle into fruit jars.  I used 4 ounce.

Cap, label, chill or freeze.

King Fig Jam.  7.17.15

A Couple More Irises. 7.17.15

Iris Shipment from Schreiner's.  7.17.15

My bearded iris shipment came yesterday from Schreiner's.  As usual, they are big fat rhizomes with thick healthy appearing leaves.  If they don't grow, it's something I am doing, and not the product.

I bought -

Owyhee Desert.  1997.  Again.  Unusual flower, with white edges on falls and white standards, with falls washed with rusty brown  and violet stippling.   Previous one never bloomed, and died in the bacterial rot epidemic.  It might not be suitable for her but I want to try again.  This time around, using chopped evergreen mulch, no summer water after the first planting, keep most other plants out.

Sea Power.   1999.  Highly ruffled blue.  Fragrant.

Kinkajou Shrew.  1999.  Highly marbled, grape purple, fragrant.   Reported as vigorous.

Other than watering them in now, intent is no further summer watering.  Nor, any of the others.

I also planted another of my own hybrids, in the iris bed.  This one has not bloomed yet, so I don't know what it will look like.  Probably also hybrid of Immortality X Spiced Custard, although there were others.  If I name them, I would like something colorful, such as "Yellow Caterpillar, Shivering in the Snow", or "Happy Puppy, Rolling Around in the Dust".

Irises Quickly Planted.  7.17.15

Bearded Iris Beds. 7.16.15

Bearded Iris Bed.  7.16.15

Bearded Iris Beds 2 and 3.  7.16.15

Sempervivum.  7.16.15

Looks like the bearded iris beds have fully recovered from the bacterial rot an leaf spot fungal infections of this Spring.  Hot dry summer, lots of sun, no added water, keep weeds out, and ground-up-cedar-tree mulch. 

I gave up on companion planting, except for Sempervivum.  Sempervivum do not shade other plants, they do not crowd other plants, and they are happy with the hot dry conditions, same as bearded irises.

I have a shipment of 3 varieties coming in a day or two.  I also added back a seedling that I grew by hybridizing "Immortality" X "Spiced Custard", that bloomed this spring, nice white flower, yellow beard, not too large.  There is room for a couple more seedlings from that cross, that might be entirely different.

This and That. 7.13.15

Yellow Beans.  7.13.15

Begonia.  7.13.15

 First crop of beans ready today.  I thought the Romas would be first.  Instead, it was these Yellow Wax Beans.  All of a sudden, there they are.  Supper tonight.

The begonia tubers I bought this spring all grew.  Some much faster than others.  This is the first, about to bloom.  On North side of the house.  No direct sun at all.

Daylily Luxury Lace.  This is a group of 3 starts, that I planted together in container when they came in the mail this spring.  They were fairly dried out.  They got some TLC, then into ground.  Blooming now.  I'm impressed, blooming first year.  This is considered a historic variety.  1959.  Which also makes me a historic variety.  According to OldHouseGardens, this variety"was bred by Edna Spalding of rural Louisiana who grew her seedlings in the vegetable garden and culled the rejects with a kitchen knife"

Daylily pink is kind of a different pink.  I don't know how to describe it.  Daylily red is the same way - not what I would consider a true red, but I like it very much.

Daylily "Luxury Lace".  First bloom.  7.13.15

Fresh Figs and Plums. 7.13.15

Shiro Plums.  7.13.15

Lattarula and King Figs.  7.13.15

More fresh fruit.  Might be better in one or two days, then all of a sudden, we'll be full of them.

Chive and other Allium species Seeds. 7.12.15

Chives Seed Heads.  7.12.15

Removing Chives Seeds from Seed Head.  7.12.15

 This week I have been collecting seed heads from alliums.  Bees of multiple types forage many types of alliums.  They bloom at different times, allowing for a long nectar flow.

Kitchen chives (Allium schoenoprasum) have a long bloom period and are very pretty.  Bees forage them continuously when blooming.  They are perennial and easy to grow.  The seed heads and stems have dried out and become brown, so they ready for seed harvest.

Allium karataviense "Ivory Queen" was a new addition last fall.  Of the several bulbs in the backet, only one grew and bloomed.  They are interesting and pretty, and later blooming than most spring bulbs.  It would be nice to have some more, but I don't want to buy them.

I also have a number of specimens of Allium aflatunense 'Purple Sensation' that are at the stage of dried seed heads, ready to harvest seeds.

The seed heads would be nice for dried flower arrangements, too.

The process of collecting seeds is almost too simple for words.  Just cut off the seed heads, collect them in a bowl, and shake them upside down in another bowl.  Most of the seeds will just fall out.  Rubbing the seed heads a little between the fingers will remove more.

I collected them into labeled envelopes, but have left them unsealed.  They are quite dry, due to 2 weeks in the 90s with no rain.

There are several options for planting them.  The easiest would be, plant in flowerpots or flats and leave them in a sheltered place for the winter.

I need to look them up.  Some may need stratifying or aging.  If it looks promising, I will plant them soon, to get a head start.  It may take a couple of years for flowering alliums to bloom.  Chives should bloom next year.

Seed Heads of Allium aflatunense. 7.12.15

Chives and Allium karataviense  Seeds.   7.12.15

Bee Forage. 7.11.15

Bumblebee on French Marigold.  7.11.15

 Today I observed bumblebees foraging-

Borage, heavily.

French marigolds, moderately.

Penstemon, moderately.

Oregano, heavily.

Bumblebee on borage.  7.11.15

I have lilies, daylilies, and nasturtiums in bloom.  No bees are foraging those plants.

I also observed honeybees on squash blossoms.  They are open briefly, and somewhat hidden under the leaves.  They don't forage enough to guarantee pollination of the female flowers.  So I do that by hand.

Chives and cilantro finished blooming.  Bumblebees and honeybees foraged those heavily.  I cut off the chives, hoping for second bloom.  I am letting the cilantro go to seeds so I can save seeds, and have a big source for free instead of buying more.

Oregano with bumblebee.  7.11.15

Penstemon with bumblebee.  7.11.15

New Daylily Shipment. 7.11.15

Daylilies from Oakes Daylilies.  7.11.15

This seems to be my year of the daylily.  One night, 10days ago, I could not sleep. I googled on daylilies, and wound up on the page for Oakes Daylilies in Tennessee.

I ordered the following varieties:

Strawberry Candy - 26" tall, 4 1/4" flower, strawberry red, rose red eye zone.  Reblooms.  Semi-evergreen, tetraploid, 1989.

Carefree Peach - 27" tall, 3" flower, peach color, narrow rose red eyezone, starts early and blooms until frost.  Diploid, dormant,

Siloam Virginia Hansen - 18" tall, 4" flower, pale pink, red eye, green throat.  Not listed as reblooming.  Diploid, dormant, 1979.

They added a bonus variety, Winsome Lady.  24" tall, 5 1/2" pink flower, early starter with rebloom, fragrant.  Diploid, dormant, 1964.

These seem like a nice selection.  They do not duplicate varieties that I already have.  I am going to count on them not being different from pictured in the catalog.  The catalog is copyrighted, so I won't post their photos here.

Planted Carefree Peach.  7.11.15

These are very impressive daylily clumps.  These are fat clumps, with healthy looking thick roots, big clumps with multiple fans.  They are far, far, better than what I have seen locally in containers.  Most will probably not bloom until summer 2016,  so you don't get the instant gratification.  I don't need instant gratification.  It's possible I might see flowers on the rebloomers in the group.

Today was quite overcast, and temp only into low 80s.  They should do OK.  Of the varieties, Carefree Peach was more like a cluster of 5 separate plants, so I planted them slightly apart to give growing room.  All of the others were single clumps, which I did not attempt to divide.

Adding some info on other varieties in my border-

Chicago Apache.  27" tall, 5" flower, tetraploid, dormant.  1981.  Not listed as rebloomer, and has not rebloomed for me.

Chicago Apache.  7.11.15

Pardon Me.  18" tall.  2 3/4" flowers.  Diploid, Rebloom.  Fragrant.  AHS states nocturnal bloomer - if that means it only blooms at night, I may not keep it.  According to AHS, nocturnals open in the evening, and my be open for the next day. 

Fooled Me.  24" tall, 5.5"  flower  , Dormant, tetraploid, extended blooming season,

Stella D'Oro.  Kind of a cliche variety, seen everywhere.  1975.  Diploid, dormant.  Extended blooming / reblooming.

Luxury Lace.  32", 4.5" flower, reblooms, diploid, dormant. 1959.

Ice Carnival,   28" tall, 6" flower size, mid season with reblooms.  diploid, dormant. 196.  Listed as very fragrant.  I've had it for 3 years and was not aware of fragrance.

There are also some mystery varieties, and some that are clearly not what was on the label, possibly mutants of known varieties.

Much of the variety details above comes from the AHS website, or Oakes Daylily, or general web search.

Hybridizing.
Today I also played with them a little.  I added pollen from Chicago Apache (triploid) to Fooled Me (triploid) an the unknown that is either mislabeled or mutant Daring Deception.  I added pollen from Fooled Me to Chicago Apache.   I also added self-pollen to stamens of Ice Carnival, and to an unknown somewhat ruffle yellow.    Diploid will not pollinate triploid, and triploid will not pollinate diploid.